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Q1. With reference to the Speaker of the Lok Sabha, consider the following statements:
i) The Speaker decides whether a bill is a Money Bill or not.
ii) The Speaker can vote in the first instance on every matter before the House.
iii) The office of the Speaker continues even after dissolution of the Lok Sabha until the first meeting of the next Lok Sabha.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
- Statement 1 is correct: Certification of a Money Bill is a special constitutional power of the Speaker. Statement 2 is incorrect: The Speaker generally does not vote in the first instance and exercises a casting vote only in case of a tie. Statement 3 is correct: Continuity of the office ensures uninterrupted functioning of parliamentary processes.
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Q2. With reference to Foreign Portfolio Investment (FPI) in India, consider the following statements:
i) FPI refers to investment by foreign entities in financial assets such as shares and bonds.
ii) Foreign Portfolio Investors usually seek management control in the companies in which they invest.
iii) FPI flows are generally considered more volatile than Foreign Direct Investment (FDI).
iv) Large FPI outflows can influence domestic financial markets and currency value.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
- Statement 1 is correct: FPI involves investment in tradable financial instruments. Statement 2 is incorrect: FPIs generally do not seek controlling ownership or direct management participation. Statement 3 is correct: Portfolio investments can move quickly across markets in response to global conditions. Statement 4 is correct: Sudden inflows or outflows may affect stock markets, bond yields, and exchange rates
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Q3. Consider the following statements regarding the Pala dynasty.
i) The Palas were notable patrons of Buddhism.
ii) Vikramashila Mahavihara flourished under Pala patronage.
iii) The founder of the Pala dynasty was Harshavardhana.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
- Statement 1 is correct: The dynasty strongly supported Buddhist institutions and scholarship. Statement 2 is correct: Vikramashila Mahavihara developed as an important centre of learning during Pala rule. Statement 3 is incorrect: The dynasty was founded by: Gopala
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Q4. With reference to CRISPR gene-editing technology, consider the following statements:
i) CRISPR enables targeted modification of genetic material in living organisms.
ii) The technology has applications in medicine, agriculture, and biological research.
iii) CRISPR-based editing always produces error-free genetic changes without ethical concerns.
iv) CRISPR is associated with the use of guide RNA to identify specific DNA sequences.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
- Statement 1 is correct: CRISPR allows precise editing at selected points in genetic material. Statement 2 is correct: It has potential uses in crop improvement, disease treatment, and genetic studies. Statement 3 is incorrect: Concerns remain regarding unintended edits, ethics, and long-term consequences. Statement 4 is correct: Guide RNA directs the editing system toward a chosen DNA sequence
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Q5. Which of the following is a term for special reporters appointed during the Mauryan Empire?
- Pativedakas were a special cadre of reporters in the Mauryan administration. The Arthashastra of Kautilya mentions Pativedakas and Pulisani who functioned as special reporters of the King