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Q1. With reference to the office of the Prime Minister of India, consider the following statements:
i) The Constitution explicitly mandates that the Prime Minister must be a member of the Lok Sabha to ensure direct representation of the people.
ii) The Prime Minister is appointed by the President, and the other Ministers are appointed by the President on the advice of the Prime Minister.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- Statement 1 is incorrect; the Constitution allows the Prime Minister to be a member of either House of Parliament (Lok Sabha or Rajya Sabha). Indira Gandhi, for instance, was a member of the Rajya Sabha when she first became PM in 1966. Statement 2 is correct and is directly derived from Article 75 of the Constitution.
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Q2. The strategically critical Gulf of Oman, which connects the Arabian Sea to the Strait of Hormuz, is bordered by the coastlines of which of the following nations?
i) Oman
ii) Iran
iii) United Arab Emirates (UAE)
iv) Saudi Arabia
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
- The Gulf of Oman is bordered by Pakistan and Iran to the north, Oman to the south, and the United Arab Emirates to the west. Saudi Arabia is located further inland and borders the Persian Gulf and the Red Sea, but it does not have a coastline on the Gulf of Oman.
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Q3. The Great Nicobar Island, which is the southernmost landmass of Indian territory, is the indigenous home of which of the following Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs)?
- The Great Nicobar Island is home to the Shompen, a semi-nomadic PVTG. The other tribes listed inhabit different islands: the Sentinelese live on North Sentinel Island, the Jarawas are primarily in the Middle and South Andaman, and the Onges reside on Little Andaman.
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Q4. The fundamental responsibility to improve public health, nutrition, and the standard of living is explicitly directed as a duty of the State under which specific Article of the Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP)?
- Article 47 of the Constitution explicitly states that "The State shall regard the raising of the level of nutrition and the standard of living of its people and the improvement of public health as among its primary duties." This principle forms the bedrock of large-scale national health missions.
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Q5. The Z-Morh tunnel is strategically built to bypass avalanche-prone regions on the crucial highway connecting Srinagar to Ladakh. Which high-altitude mountain pass on this route is notoriously difficult to cross during winter?
- Zoji La is the strategic pass located on the Srinagar-Kargil-Leh highway, connecting the Kashmir Valley to Ladakh. The Z-Morh tunnel, alongside the under-construction Zoji La tunnel, aims to provide seamless, year-round civilian and military connectivity to the Ladakh region, bypassing the heavy snows of the pass.