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Q1. With reference to the Sur Empire, consider the following statements:
i) The Sur Empire was founded by Sher Shah Suri after defeating the Mughal emperor Humayun.
ii) Sher Shah Suri introduced important administrative measures relating to land revenue, currency, and road communications like the Grand Trunk Road.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
- Statement 1 is correct: Sher Shah Suri established the Sur Empire after defeating Humayun in the Battle of Kannauj (1540). Statement 2 is correct: His administration is remembered for reforms in revenue administration, coinage, and governance. He improved and extended the Grand Trunk Road and established sarais and communication facilities along important routes.
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Q2. Consider the following statements regarding the National Human Rights Commission .
i) The NHRC is a statutory body established under the Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993.
ii) The Commission may inquire into allegations of human rights violations either on a petition or on its own initiative.
iii) The recommendations of the NHRC are legally binding on the concerned governments and authorities.
iv) The Commission undertakes activities relating to human rights awareness and research.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
- Statement 1 is correct: The NHRC is a statutory body created by legislation. Statement 2 is correct: It can act on complaints as well as take suo motu cognizance in appropriate cases. Statement 3 is incorrect: Its recommendations carry persuasive value but are not legally binding. Statement 4 is correct: Promotion of human rights literacy, awareness, and research forms part of its mandate.
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Q3. Below are some statements regarding shrinkflation and galloping inflation.
i) Shrinkflation refers to a reduction in the quantity or size of a product while its selling price remains unchanged or changes only marginally.
ii) Galloping inflation refers to a situation in which prices rise at a very rapid rate over a relatively short period.
iii) Shrinkflation necessarily results in a decline in the Consumer Price Index (CPI).
iv) Persistent galloping inflation can reduce the purchasing power of money and create economic uncertainty.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
- Statement 1 is correct: Manufacturers may reduce product quantity while keeping the price nearly unchanged. Statement 2 is correct: Galloping inflation represents a period of very high and rapidly rising prices. Statement 3 is incorrect: Shrinkflation does not automatically reduce the CPI; its impact depends on the methodology used in price measurement. Statement 4 is correct: High inflation erodes purchasing power and affects investment and consumption decisions.
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Q4. With reference to the Right to Information Act, 2005, consider the following statements:
i) Section 3 recognizes the right of citizens to access information, subject to the provisions of the Act.
ii) Section 4 emphasizes proactive disclosure of information by public authorities.
iii) Section 8 specifies certain categories of information that may be exempt from disclosure.
iv) Section 24 exempts all intelligence and security organizations from disclosing every category of information sought under the Act.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
- Statement 1 is correct: Section 3 establishes the statutory right of citizens to seek information. Statement 2 is correct: Section 4 encourages transparency through voluntary and proactive disclosure. Statement 3 is correct: Section 8 lists exemptions where disclosure may be denied, subject to the Act. Statement 4 is incorrect: Section 24 exempts specified intelligence and security organizations from the Act's application, but information relating to allegations of corruption or human rights violations may still be disclosed subject to the conditions prescribed in the Act.
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Q5. Nyoma was recently selected for Strategic airfield development and it is important from a defence logistics perspective. In which of the following states or union territories is it located ?
- Nyoma was recently selected for Strategic airfield development, located in Ladakh. Itis important from a defence logistics perspective.