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Q1. Consider the following statements regarding the Ninth Schedule of the Constitution:
i) Laws placed under the Ninth Schedule were originally intended to protect certain legislation from judicial review.
ii) The Ninth Schedule was inserted into the Constitution through the First Constitutional Amendment Act, 1951.
iii) In the I.R. Coelho judgment, the Supreme Court held that every law included in the Ninth Schedule is absolutely immune from challenge in any court.
iv) According to the I.R. Coelho judgment, laws inserted into the Ninth Schedule after 24 April 1973 can be examined if they violate the Basic Structure of the Constitution.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
- Statement 1 is correct. The Ninth Schedule was intended to shield certain laws, particularly land reform laws, from judicial review. Statement 2 is correct. It was introduced through the First Amendment Act, 1951. Statement 3 is incorrect. The I.R. Coelho (2007) judgment ruled that Ninth Schedule laws are not absolutely immune. Statement 4 is correct. Laws inserted after 24 April 1973 (Kesavananda Bharati judgment) are subject to Basic Structure review.
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Q2. Consider the following statements regarding BIMSTEC:
i) Every BIMSTEC member is also a member of SAARC.
ii) The organisation includes both South Asian and Southeast Asian countries.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
- Statement 1 is incorrect. Myanmar and Thailand are not SAARC members. Statement 2 is correct. The organisation includes both South Asian and Southeast Asian countries.
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Q3. The AI-powered tool SabhaSaar has been launched by which of the following ministries?
- The AI-powered tool SabhaSaar has been launched by the Ministry of Panchayati Raj. Its aim is to transcribe and generate minutes from videos and audio recordings of Gram Sabha meetings. This will enhance governance efficiency and promote transparency.
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Q4. Consider the following statements regarding the Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI):
i) TRAI is a statutory body established through an Act of Parliament.
ii) One of its objectives is to promote fair competition in the telecommunications sector.
iii) TRAI directly grants telecom licences to service providers in India.
iv) TRAI provides recommendations to the Government on issues relating to telecommunications policy and licensing.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
- Statement 1 is correct. TRAI is a statutory body established through an Act of Parliament. Statement 2 is correct. One of its objectives is to promote fair competition in the telecommunications sector. Statement 3 is incorrect. Telecom licences are granted by the Central Government through the Department of Telecommunications (DoT), not TRAI. Statement 4 is correct. TRAI provides recommendations to the Government on issues relating to telecommunications policy and licensing.
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Q5. Which of the following statements regarding coral bleaching is INCORRECT?
- Option B is incorrect. Bleached corals are stressed but may recover if conditions improve. Acidification lowers carbonate ion availability needed for calcification but it doesnot end the availability and corals may survive.