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Q1. This revolutionary attempted to assassinate Governor Stanley Jackson at Calcutta University convocation. She promoted khadi and distributed revolutionary pamphlets. Who is she?
- Bina Das was a revolutionary who attempted to assassinate Governor Stanley Jackson at Calcutta University convocation. She promoted khadi and distributed revolutionary pamphlets.
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Q2. Consider the following statements regarding National Designated Authority for carbon markets.
i) It is mandatory to setup under article 6 of the Paris agreement.
ii) The authority will be the nodal body to regulate, monitor and approve carbon market activities in India.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
- Both statements are correct. National Designated Authority for carbon markets is mandatory to be setup under article 6 of the Paris agreement. The authority will be the nodal body to regulate, monitor and approve carbon market activities in India.
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Q3. Consider the following statements regarding the Unified Payments Interface (UPI):
i) UPI enables interoperability by allowing users of different banks to transfer funds using a common payment infrastructure.
ii) Every UPI transaction necessarily requires the bank account number and IFSC code of the beneficiary to be entered by the sender.
iii) UPI uses an Immediate Payment Service (IMPS)-based infrastructure for real-time inter-bank fund transfers.
iv) A UPI transaction can be authenticated using a UPI PIN generated by the account holder without requiring disclosure of the bank account password.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
- Statement 1 is correct. UPI is an interoperable payment system. It enables customers of different banks to transfer money seamlessly because participating banks connect to a common payment infrastructure managed by the National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI). Statement 2 is incorrect. One of the principal innovations of UPI is that users need not enter the beneficiary's account number and IFSC for every transaction. Payments can be made using: Virtual Payment Address (VPA) Mobile number (where supported) QR code UPI ID Account number and IFSC (optional mode) Thus, account number and IFSC are not mandatory. Statement 3 is correct. UPI is technically built upon the Immediate Payment Service (IMPS) infrastructure, enabling 24×7 real-time inter-bank settlement. Statement 4 is correct. Authentication takes place through the UPI PIN, which is created by the customer during registration. The PIN authorizes transactions without revealing internet banking passwords or debit card PINs during the payment process.
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Q4. This court case involved the validity of communal reservation in educational institutions maintained by the State. The Supreme Court held that Directive Principles of State Policy prevail over Fundamental Rights whenever there is a conflict. The judgment prompted the enactment of the First Constitutional Amendment introducing Article 15(4). The decision reaffirmed that State action inconsistent with Fundamental Rights could be invalidated by the judiciary. Which court case is being discussed here?
- The Champakam Dorairajan case involved the validity of communal reservation in educational institutions maintained by the State. The Supreme Court held that Directive Principles of State Policy prevail over Fundamental Rights whenever there is a conflict. The judgment prompted the enactment of the First Constitutional Amendment introducing Article 15(4). The decision reaffirmed that State action inconsistent with Fundamental Rights could be invalidated by the judiciary.
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Q5. Consider the following statements regarding the National Organ and Tissue Transplant Organisation (NOTTO):
i) NOTTO functions as the apex national body for coordination and networking of organ and tissue donation and transplantation in India.
ii) It maintains a national registry relating to organ and tissue transplantation.
iii) NOTTO directly performs organ transplant surgeries through its own hospitals across India.
iv) It works to promote ethical practices, transparency and equitable allocation in organ transplantation.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
- Statement 1 is correct. NOTTO is the national apex organisation responsible for coordinating organ procurement and transplantation across India. It serves as the central coordinating agency among states, hospitals and transplant centres. Statement 2 is correct. NOTTO maintains the National Organ and Tissue Transplant Registry, which records information relating to: Donors Recipients Waiting lists Organ allocation Transplant activities The registry supports transparency and evidence-based policy. Statement 3 is incorrect. NOTTO does not perform transplant surgeries. Actual transplantation is carried out by registered hospitals and authorized transplant centres. NOTTO's role is mainly: Coordination Capacity building Data management Policy support Awareness generation Statement 4 is correct. One of NOTTO's key objectives is to ensure: Fair allocation of organs Ethical donation practices Transparency Standardisation of procedures Public awareness regarding deceased organ donation