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Q1. Consider the following statements regarding the Public Examinations (Prevention of Unfair Means) Amendment Bill, 2026:
i) It proposes stricter penal provisions and aims to facilitate faster investigation and trial of offences relating to examination malpractices.
ii) The Bill applies only to examinations conducted by the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC).
Which of the statements given above are correct?
- Statement 1 is correct. The Bill seeks to: Increase penalties for offences. Provide for faster investigation. Facilitate speedy trials through special mechanisms. Strengthen deterrence against organized cheating. Statement 2 is incorrect. The law is not confined to UPSC examinations. It covers specified public examinations conducted by various notified authorities, including agencies such as SSC, NTA, Railway Recruitment Boards, IBPS and other notified bodies
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Q2. Below are given few statements regarding the National Flood Commission:
i) The National Flood Commission (Rashtriya Barh Ayog) was constituted in 1976 under the chairmanship of Justice R.S. Bachawat.
ii) The Commission recommended that flood forecasting and advance warning systems should be strengthened.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
- Statement 1 is correct. The National Flood Commission (Rashtriya Barh Ayog) was constituted in 1976 under the chairmanship of Justice R.S. Bachawat to examine India's recurring flood problems and recommend a comprehensive policy. Statement 2 is correct. The Commission recognized that effective flood management requires an integrated approach involving: Embankments Reservoirs Drainage improvement Floodplain zoning Catchment treatment Watershed management Forecasting and preparedness
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Q3. It is a traditional Indian martial art that originated in the southern part of the Indian subcontinent. The bamboo staff is the principal weapon traditionally associated with it. Besides combat techniques, it also incorporates agility, footwork, balance and coordination. It originated as a form of classical Indian dance before later evolving into a martial art. Which martial art is being talked about?
- Silambam is a traditional Indian martial art that originated in the southern part of the Indian subcontinent. The bamboo staff is the principal weapon traditionally associated with it. Besides combat techniques, it also incorporates agility, footwork, balance and coordination. It originated as a form of classical Indian dance before later evolving into a martial art.
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Q4. Consider the following statements regarding the Rowlatt Act, 1919:
i) The Rowlatt Act empowered the colonial government to detain individuals suspected of certain political offences without undergoing the ordinary process of trial.
ii) The Act was enacted on the recommendations of a committee chaired by Justice Sidney Rowlatt.
iii) The provisions of the Act were widely opposed because they continued several extraordinary wartime powers even after the end of the First World War.
iv) The enactment of the Rowlatt Act directly granted provincial autonomy to elected Indian representatives.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
- Statement 1 is correct. The Rowlatt Act gave the British Government sweeping powers to deal with revolutionary activities. It allowed authorities to: Arrest individuals on suspicion, Detain them for extended periods, Conduct trials under exceptional legal procedures and Restrict civil liberties in the name of maintaining public order. Statement 2 is correct. The Act was based on the recommendations of the Sedition Committee, headed by Justice Sir Sidney Rowlatt, which investigated revolutionary activities in India during and after the First World War. Statement 3 is correct. Although the First World War had ended, the British Government sought to retain many emergency powers introduced during wartime. This generated widespread public resentment because Indians expected the relaxation—not continuation—of such restrictive measures after the war. Statement 4 is incorrect. The Rowlatt Act had no connection with provincial autonomy. Provincial autonomy was introduced later under the Government of India Act, 1935. The Rowlatt Act was essentially a security law aimed at suppressing political dissent.
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Q5. Consider the following statements regarding Social Forestry:
i) Social forestry seeks to increase tree cover outside traditional forests to meet local needs for fuelwood, fodder, small timber and environmental improvement.
ii) Social forestry may involve afforestation on community lands, roadside plantations, canal banks and degraded lands.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
- Statement 1 is correct. Social forestry is a strategy aimed at increasing tree cover on lands outside reserved forests to satisfy the everyday requirements of rural and urban communities. Its objectives include: Fuelwood production, Fodder availability, Small timber, Soil conservation, Environmental improvement, Reduction of pressure on natural forests. Statement 2 is correct. Social forestry can be undertaken on various categories of land, including: Village common lands, Panchayat lands, Roadside strips, Railway corridors, Canal embankments, School campuses, Institutional lands, Wastelands and degraded lands.